饵料中添加自然产物对豹纹鳃棘鲈生长和体色的影响          下载免费PDF全文

关献涛  吴洪喜  马建忠  单乐州  林少珍 《海洋学研究》2018,36(2):80-91

为探究自然成分添加剂对东星斑Plectropomus Leopardus的影响,选择了虾青素、叶黄素、螺旋藻和玉米蛋白粉4种自然产物,以不同量分别添加到石斑鱼配合饵料中制成实验饵料,在循环水养殖系统中喂养东星斑75 d,测定了实验前后东星斑的生长率、特定生长率、饵料系数3个主要生长指标和鱼体代表部位的体色指标。结果显示,4种添加物对东星斑的增重率、特定生长率和饵料系数均无显著影响(P<0.05,下同);4种添加物均使东星斑的体色亮度L^*值略变小,且部分体色L^*值影响显著;4种添加物均能使东星斑的a^*值和b^*值升高,且与空白对照组比差异显著,尤其是虾青素,对东星斑体色整体变红、变黄效果最为显著。  相似文献   

海洋工程项目生态建设方案研究          下载免费PDF全文

蔡灵  侯建平  欧阳玉蓉  吴侃侃 《海洋开发与管理》2018,35(10):84-87

为完善海洋工程项目的海洋环境影响评价和促进海洋生态文明建设,文章根据相关实践经验,从原则和依据、定位、生态空间和生态景观格局、污染物排放和控制、生态修复和补偿以及监测计划和保障等方面提出生态建设方案的内容,按照项目建设前、项目规划、项目设计和项目实施的全过程设置方案的程序,并以案例项目具体说明。在此基础上,总结目前海洋工程项目生态建设亟待解决的问题,即生态建设及其相关活动需重新定义、方案实施过程和效果的检验和评估无制度和规范保障以及方案编制缺乏整体性和区域性。  相似文献   

结合POI数据的道路自动选取方法     

徐智邦  王中辉  闫浩文  武芳  段晓旗  孙立 《地球信息科学学报》2018,20(2):159-166

人们对道路重要性的认知与道路周边设施有重要关系,针对现有地图综合道路选取方法中对语义特征考虑不足的问题,将POI数据引入到道路的语义特征分析中,提出一种综合考虑道路空间特征和语义特征的道路综合自动选取方法。首先,结合POI位置数据构造了道路语义特征度量的3个新参量：设施点密度、重要设施比率和专题设施比率;然后,与道路长度、连接值、总深度值、平均线密度等反映道路几何、拓扑和分布特征的度量参量一起,通过归一化和熵值法赋权进行整合计算,得到道路重要性值;最后,综合考虑道路重要性值、道路stroke构成和stroke连通度的约束条件进行道路的分步选取。实验结果表明,该方法在保留主要道路、保持道路分布疏密特征和道路连通性的同时,较好地顾及了道路的语义特征信息。  相似文献   

下扬子及周边地区深部泊松比结构及深部动力过程约束研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

张昌榕  张贵宾  江国明  吕庆田  徐峣 《地球物理学报》2018,61(11):4418-4435

下扬子及周边地区存在着丰富的地质构造和多金属矿产资源，其深部结构和动力学过程已成为地学界研究的热点.为了更好地讨论下扬子及周边地区的深部动力学过程和岩浆活动机制，本文基于均匀网格层析成像方法提出了非均匀网格远震层析成像方法，利用大量的天然地震相对走时残差数据反演获得了下扬子及周边地区深至700 km范围内的三维S波和P波速度结构，并根据纵横波的比值关系计算出泊松比异常.由于S波速度比P波对流体的反应更加敏感，所以泊松比异常反映了物质是否包含流体或者物质的软硬、冷热程度.本研究结果显示：（1）长江中下游成矿带下方的上地幔内存在明显的高泊松比异常，而地幔过渡带内则存在明显的低泊松比异常；（2）大别造山带及其南侧的中扬子地块的上地幔中下部及地幔过渡带内都存在明显低泊松比异常，且呈现东深西浅的空间分布特征.结合已有的地质、地球物理和地球化学等资料，我们认为长江中下游成矿带下方的地幔过渡带内滞留着古太平洋俯冲板块，其上地幔内则赋存着软的上地幔热物质，为深部成矿提供了热量或幔源物质.因此，古太平洋板块的俯冲对长江中下游成矿带的形成发挥了至关重要的作用.  相似文献   

Feasibility of signal enhancement with multiple grounded‐wire sources for a frequency‐domain electromagnetic survey          下载免费PDF全文

Haigen Zhou  Yao Yao  Changsheng Liu  Jun Lin  Lili Kang  Gang Li  Xinsen Zeng 《Geophysical Prospecting》2018,66(4):818-832

Frequency‐domain electromagnetic methods with a grounded‐wire source are powerful tools in geophysical exploration. However, the signal may be too weak to guarantee the quality of survey data in complex electromagnetic environments, especially when the receiver is located in the air for the newly developed grounded‐source airborne frequency‐domain electromagnetic method. In this paper, a signal enhancement method with multiple sources is proposed to solve this problem. To evaluate the signal enhancement effect, we compared the signals generated by a single source and multiple sources with equal electric moment. The signal differences caused by synchronisation error and separation distance between source elements were analysed, and the methods to achieve maximum signal were introduced. Besides, we discussed the interaction between adjacent source elements to ensure the system safety, including the changes in output current and the safe distance between two sources using a dual‐source model. Lastly, a comprehensive field experiment was designed and conducted to test the multiple‐source method. The data processing results are comparable for single and dual sources, and the signal‐to‐noise ratio of dual source is higher in the field test. The subsurface resistivity structure at the test site is consistent with the previous controlled‐source audio‐frequency magnetotellurics method. These results show that signal enhancement with multiple sources is feasible. This study provides guidance to the application of multiple sources in field surveys when the survey environment is complex and rigorous.  相似文献   

威海市近海海域浅地层结构及灾害地质特征          下载免费PDF全文

吴振  李岩  王松涛  印萍  刘金庆 《山东国土资源》2018,34(9)

通过对2 131km高分辨率浅地层剖面资料分析和研究,揭示了威海市近海海域浅地层结构特征,分析了海洋灾害地质因素类型及分布特征,并绘制了主要灾害地质因素分布图。威海市近海海域65m以浅地层共分为5层,第一层为全新世泥质楔形体,地层厚度8~15m;第二层为末次盛冰期以来的海侵层,厚度一般小于3m;第三层为MIS2期的陆相沉积层,地层厚度3~8m;第四层为MIS3期的海相沉积层,厚度3~6m;第五层未完全揭示。近海海域灾害地质因素主要包括埋藏下切谷、浅部断层、浅层气、海底沙波沙脊、浅埋起伏基岩等5种类型;埋藏下切谷主要分布在南部海域U3地层单元中;浅部断层主要分布在南部海域水深大于20m的海底堆积平原;浅层气主要分布在北部海域,东部和南部海域面积较小;海底沙波沙脊主要分布在荣成成山头外海海域;浅埋起伏基岩主要分布在基岩海岸和岛屿较近的海域。  相似文献   

Smectite formation in metalliferous sediments near the East Pacific Rise at 13°N   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

荣坤波  曾志刚  殷学博  陈帅  王晓媛  齐海燕  马瑶 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,37(9):67-81

A 43 cm long E271 sediment core collected near the East Pacific Rise(EPR) at 13°N were studied to investigate the origin of smectite for understanding better the geochemical behavior of hydrothermal material after deposition.E271 sediments are typical metalliferous sediments. After removal of organic matter, carbonate, biogenic opal,and Fe-Mn oxide by a series of chemical procedures, clay minerals(2 μm) were investigated by X-ray diffraction,chemical analysis and Si isotope analysis. Due to the influence of seafloor hydrothermal activity and close to continent, the sources of clay minerals are complex. Illite, chlorite and kaolinite are suggested to be transported from either North or Central America by rivers or winds, but smectite is authigenic. It is enriched in iron, and its contents are highest in clay minerals. Data show that smectite is most likely formed by the reaction of hydrothermal Fe-oxyhydroxide with silica and seawater in metalliferous sediments. The Si that participates in this reaction may be derived from siliceous microfossils(diatoms or radiolarians), hydrothermal fluids, or detrital mineral phases. And their δ30 Si values are higher than those of authigenic smectites, which implies that a Si isotope fractionation occurs during the formation because of the selective absorption of light Si isotopes onto Feoxyhydroxides. Sm/Fe mass ratios(a proxy for overall REE/Fe ratio) in E271 clay minerals are lower than those in metalliferous sediments, as well as distal hydrothermal plume particles and terrigenous clay minerals. This result suggests that some REE are lost during the smectite formation, perhaps because their large ionic radii of REE scavenged by Fe-oxyhydroxides preclude substitution in either tetrahedral or octahedral lattice sites of this mineral structure, which decreases the value of metalliferous sediments as a potential resource for REE.  相似文献   

Analytical study of the reflection and transmission coefficient of the submarine interface     

Guangli Zhang  Chongtao Hao  Chen Yao 《Acta Geophysica》2018,66(4):449-460

The analytical study of the reflection and transmission coefficient of the seafloor interface is essential for the characterization of the ocean bottom in marine seismic exploration. Based on the boundary conditions of the seafloor interface, the analytical expression of the reflection and transmission coefficient at the submarine interface is derived in this study by using the steady-state wave solution of the elastic wave in a homogeneous, isotropic medium. With this analytical expression, the characteristics of the reflection and transmission coefficient at the submarine interface are analysed and discussed using critical angles. The results show that the change in the reflection and transmission coefficient with the incidence angle presents a “segmented” characteristic, in which the critical angle is the dividing point. The amplitude value and phase angle of the coefficient at the submarine interface change dramatically at the critical angle, which is related to the P- and S-wave velocities in the seabed layer. Compared with the stiff seabed, the soft seabed has a larger P-wave critical angle and an absence of the converted S-wave critical angle, owing to the low P- and S-wave velocities in the solid seabed layer. By analysing and discussing the special changes that occur in the coefficient values at the critical angle, the reflection and transmission characteristics of the different incident angles are obtained. Synthetic models of both stiff and soft seafloors are provided in this study to verify the analytical results. Finally, we compared our synthetic results with real data from the Gulf of Mexico, which enabled the validation of our conclusions.  相似文献   

An Investigation of the Factors Affecting Saline Ice Melting Processes and Desalination          下载免费PDF全文

Yue Zhang  Jingsong Yang  Rongjiang Yao 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2018,46(8)

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华北克拉通地壳结构及动力学机制分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

武岩  丁志峰  王兴臣  朱露培 《地球物理学报》2018,61(7):2705-2718

本文对布设在华北克拉通三个陆块的199个宽频带台站记录的远震数据进行了接收函数计算.利用H-κ迭代方法获得了该区域基岩地区的地壳结构，平滑处理后作为背景结构模型中的基岩地区地壳结构；利用相邻算法对沉积层地区的接收函数进行了波形拟合计算，获得了沉积层结构，平滑后作为背景结构模型中的沉积层结构；结合前人的研究成果，完善了研究区域的背景结构模型.以此模型为基础，对接收函数进行了CCP（Common Conversion Point，共转换点）叠加成像，获得了Moho面成像结果，对比沉积层的成像结果发现：西部陆块中鄂尔多斯块体东部地区地壳厚度较大，约为42 km，泊松比较低，小于0.24，为长英质含量较多的地壳层；位于中部陆块的山西地堑地壳厚度小于鄂尔多斯块体，且变化较大，西侧地壳厚度约为40 km，东侧重力梯度带附近地壳厚度迅速减薄至36 km左右，张家口-怀来-大同一带出现了地壳的局部抬升，地壳厚度等值线基本以北北东方向为主，与构造带方向基本一致，地堑内泊松比约为0.26~0.28，前人对此区域的层析成像研究结果表明太行山隆起和阴山隆起存在壳内低速层，推测为地壳部分熔融以及上地幔物质上涌造成的；东部陆块中渤海湾盆地的地壳厚度较薄，约为32 km，部分地区小于30 km，其中冀中坳陷带地壳厚度最薄，约为28 km，沉积层基底分布与Moho面分布呈镜像对称趋势，沉积层较厚地区的地壳较薄，推测东部陆块在太平洋板块俯冲作用下，存在北西-南东向的拉张作用，使其内发育了大量断陷盆地.  相似文献